Loading PCM Into Buildings Envelope to Decrease Heat Gain-Performing Transient Thermal Analysis on Nanofluid Filled Solar System

The high share of buildings in energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission has led
researchers to seek techniques to reduce energy consumption in this sector. In this study,
considering a hot and arid climate region, the wall’s heat gainwas investigated. To reduce energy
demand, three techniques of adding PCM, combining absorption chiller with a solar system and
dispersing nanoparticleswere used and the results were evaluated transiently. In July, the addition
of PCM to the building’s walls reduced the heat exchange between interior and exterior spaces
up to 21%. To cool the interior spaces, the combination of absorption chiller + fan coil was used
and several flat plate collectors were integrated with it to reduce energy demand. By collecting
energy in solar collectors and using a stratified tank, energy consumption in the generator section
was reduced by 450 kWh. Nanoparticles were used to improve the solar system performance
and it was found that loading ZnO and Al2O3 nanoparticles is useful. Dispersing ZnO into water
increased the energy-saving by 9.5% while the second nanoparticle improved it by 14.5%.